Heatwave alert: Protect yourself from heatstroke

Stepping outside feels like the sun is pouring fire on your head. In this extreme heat, there is not just discomfort but hidden danger. Doctors warn that as temperatures rise, so does the risk of heatstroke. This is not just an illness — if not treated in time, it can be fatal.

What is heatstroke?
Our body constantly tries to regulate its temperature. But after prolonged exposure to extreme heat or hard work under the sun, the body eventually fails to do so. The body temperature rapidly rises to 40.6 degrees Celsius or higher. This condition is called heatstroke.

In medical terms, this is a medical emergency. Without timely treatment, organs including the kidneys, liver and heart begin to fail. The patient may experience seizures or lose consciousness. So do not mistake it for simple heat discomfort.

Who is most at risk?
Heat is dangerous for everyone, but some people are at much higher risk. Young children and people over 65 are most vulnerable as their bodies have less ability to cope with heat. Those who work long hours in the sun or play sports outdoors are also at high risk.

Additionally, people with heart or lung conditions must be careful. Many may not know that blood pressure medication, antidepressants or even common cold and flu medicines can make the body more sensitive to heat.

What symptoms should you watch for?
Heatstroke does not come suddenly; the body gives warning signs. Headache, dizziness, excessive sweating, nausea or vomiting are early symptoms. These may be followed by muscle cramps or pain, rapid heartbeat and increased breathing.

The most dangerous symptom is altered mental state — the person may suddenly become confused or speak incoherently. Pale skin and dark-coloured urine indicate severe dehydration. If you see these signs, seek medical help immediately without delay.

Immediate steps if someone has heatstroke
If someone is suffering from heatstroke, first move them out of the sun or heat into the shade or indoors. Remove excess clothing to allow air circulation. Do not crowd the person — one person should stay with them while others step back.

Cooling the body quickly is the most urgent task. Place cold, wet towels on the forehead, neck, armpits and groin. If possible, give them a cool shower or use ice packs. At the same time, call for emergency medical services.

How to stay healthy in the heat
Prevention is the best course. When going out in the heat, wear loose, light-coloured cotton clothing — it will keep your body much cooler. Carry a hat and sunglasses. Do not forget to apply sunscreen, at least SPF 15.

Drink plenty of water throughout the day. Develop a habit of drinking water regularly, not just when you feel thirsty. Avoid alcohol, as it dehydrates the body quickly. Include watermelon, cucumber, pomegranate and bananas in your diet, as they help maintain water and mineral balance.

Avoid strenuous physical activity during the harsh midday sun. If you want to exercise, choose swimming or water-based activities to keep your body cool. If outdoors, take breaks in the shade and drink water.

Remember: never leave a child or elderly person alone inside a parked car, even for a few minutes. The temperature inside a car parked in the sun rises incredibly quickly.

A little awareness during the summer season can prevent major danger. Be careful yourself and alert everyone in your family — especially keep an extra eye on children and the elderly at home.