Trees granted human-like rights in historic decision by Canadian town

Is a tree merely a collection of wood and leaves, or does it also possess the right to live, grow, and be protected? A small town in the Canadian province of Quebec has answered this question in legal terms—recognizing trees as "living entities."

The city council of Terrasse-Vaudreuil, a town of just 2,000 people located west of Montreal, passed a resolution stating that trees have the right to life, the right to grow naturally, the right to integrity, and the right to regenerate on June 9. According to the environmental organization International Observatory of Nature Rights, such a recognition has never been given before in Quebec or the rest of Canada.

The initiative came about through joining the Universal Declaration of the Rights of the Tree, a global initiative led by various environmental organizations. According to this declaration, a tree is a living entity and an essential resource for humans; the very existence of life on Earth depends on trees. Therefore, humans must show "fraternity and solidarity" toward trees. Terrasse-Vaudreuil has become the first municipality in Quebec and Canada to sign this declaration.

The town's mayor, Michel Bordeaux, stated that the main inspiration behind this decision was a documentary by Quebec filmmaker André Desrochers titled 'Des arbres et des arts'. This documentary opened the citizens' eyes, making them realize that trees breathe, live, and can even communicate with each other through their roots. He said, "A tree is just like a human. It breathes, lives, and drinks water. Trees protect us from various dangers."

However, environmental law experts are not dismissing this decision as a merely symbolic declaration.

Karine PélOFFY, a lawyer with Ecojustice, described the step as a "promising initiative" within the broader movement for the rights of nature. According to her, while the concept might seem unusual at first glance, it is not so in reality.

Vega Cardenas, another expert associated with the declaration, believes the uniqueness of this declaration lies in the fact that it recognizes a tree as a complete ecosystem in itself—providing shade, supplying food, and becoming a habitat for other creatures. She said, "We have to understand that trees have dignity and awareness. Not feelings, but awareness—they can communicate with each other in a specific way."

As a result of signing the declaration, the authorities of Terrasse-Vaudreuil will now review their old rules and regulations. If any tree needs to be cut down, planting a new tree in its place will be ensured. Mayor Bordeaux is also planning to distribute saplings to residents to increase the number of trees in the town. In his words, "Trees are truly green infrastructure. They help reduce urban heat, improve air quality, maintain the precious water table, and protect biodiversity."